Ecosystem Dynamics & Biodiversity Conservation Fading

Consider the following statements about *Rhynchostylis retusa* (Foxtail orchid) : 1. It is an epiphytic orchid. 2. The species is endemic to North-east India. 3. It is the State flower of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. W

With reference to the planet Earth, consider the following statements: I. Rain forests produce more oxygen than that produced by oceans. II. Marine phytoplankton and photosynthetic bacteria produce about 50% of world's

Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements: I. It is an omnivorous crustacean. II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas. III. In its natural habitat, it

Consider the following pairs: Plant – Description I. Cassava : Woody shrub II. Ginger : Herb with pseudostem III. Malabar spinach : Herbaceous climber IV. Mint : Annual shrub V. Papaya : Woody shrub How many of the abo

Consider the following: 1. Butterflies 2. Fish 3. Frogs How many of the above have poisonous species among them?

Consider the following statements : 1. Lions do not have a particular breeding season. 2. Unlike most other big cats, cheetahs do not roar. 3. Unlike male lions, male leopards do not proclaim their territory by scent ma

Consider the following: 1. Carabid beetles 2. Centipedes 3. Flies 4. Termites 5. Wasps Parasitoid species are found in how many of the above kind of organisms?

Consider the following : 1. Cashew 2. Papaya 3. Red sanders How many of the above trees are actually native to India?

Which one of the following shows a unique relationship with an insect that has coevolved with it and that is the only insect that can pollinate this tree?

The organisms "Cicada, Froghopper and Pond skater" are:

Which of the following organisms perform waggle dance for others of their kin to indicate the direction and the distance to a source of their food?

Consider the following fauna: 1. Lion-tailed Macaque 2. Malabar Civet 3. Sambar Deer How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset?

Consider the following statements:  Statement I: Marsupials are not naturally found in India.  Statement II: Marsupials can thrive only in montane grasslands with no predators. Which one of the following is correct in

Consider the following statements regarding the Indian squirrels: 1. They build nests by making burrows in the ground. 2. They store their food materials like nuts and seeds in the ground. 3. They are omnivorous. Ho

Which one of the following makes a tool with a stick to scrape insects from a hole in a tree or a log of wood?

The "Miyawaki method" is well known for the:

Which of the following is not a bird?

Which of the following are nitrogen-fixing plants? 1. Alfalfa 2. Amaranth 3. Chickpea 4. Clover 5. Purslane (Kulfa) 6. Spinach Select the correct answer using the code given below:

With reference to "Gucchi" sometimes mentioned in the news, consider the following statements: 1. It is a fungus. 2. It grows in some Himalayan forest areas. 3. It is commercially cultivated in the Himalayan foothills o

Certain species of which one of the following organisms are well known as cultivators of fungi?

"If rainforests and tropical forests are the lungs of the Earth, then surely wetlands function as its kidneys." Which one of the following functions of wetlands best reflects the above statement?

"Biorock technology" is talked about in which one of the following situations?

Which one of the following is a filter feeder?

Consider the following animals: 1. Hedgehog 2. Marmot 3. Pangolin To reduce the chance of being captured by predators, which of the above organisms rolls up/roll up and protects/ protect its/their vulnerable parts?

Which of the following have species that can establish symbiotic relationship with other organisms? 1. Cnidarians 2. Fungi 3. Protozoa Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Which of the following are detritivores? 1. Earthworms 2. Jellyfish 3. Millipedes 4. Seahorses 5. Woodlice Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements: 1. Moringa (drumstick tree) is a leguminous evergreen tree. 2. Tamarind tree is endemic to South Asia. 3. In India, most of the tamarind is collected as minor forest produce. 4. India

In case of which one of the following biogeochemical cycles, the weathering of rocks is the main source of release of nutrient to enter the cycle?

Consider the following kinds of organisms: 1. Copepods 2. Cyanobacteria 3. Diatoms 4. Foraminifera Which of the above are primary producers in the food chains of oceans?

With reference to India’s biodiversity, Ceylon frogmouth, Coppersmith barbet, Gray-chinned minivet and White-throated redstart are

Consider the following statements: 1. Some species of turtles are herbivores. 2. Some species of fish are herbivores. 3. Some species of marine mammals are herbivores. 4. Some species of snakes are viviparous. Which of

Recently, there was a growing awareness in our country about the importance of Himalayan nettle (Girardinia diversifolia) because it is found to be a sustainable source of

The term "sixth mass extinction/sixth extinction" is often mentioned in the news in the context of the discussion of

Why is a plant called Prosopis juliflora often mentioned in the news?

Which of the following leaf modifications occur(s) in the desert areas to inhibit water loss? 1. Hard and waxy leaves 2. Tiny leaves 3. Thorns instead of leaves Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements - 1. Most of the world's coral reefs are in tropical waters. 2. More than one-third of the world's coral reefs are located in the territories of Australia, Indonesia and the Philippines

Due to some reasons if there is a huge fall in the population of species of butterflies, what could be its likely consequence/consequences? 1. Pollination of some plants could be adversely affected. 2. There could be

With reference to an initiative called ‘The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)’, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF and World Economic Forum. 2. It

In which of the following regions of India are you most likely to come across the ‘Great Indian Hornbill’ in its natural habitat?

Recently, our scientists have discovered a new and distinct species of banana plant which attains a height of about 11 metres and has orange-coloured fruit pulp. In which part of India has it been discovered?

What is/are unique about ‘Kharai camel’ a breed found in India? 1. It is capable of swimming up to three kilometres in seawater. 2. It survives by grazing on mangroves. 3. It lives in the wild and cannot be domesticated.

Recently, for the first time in our country, which of the following State has declared a particular butterfly as ‘State Butterfly’?

Which one of the following is the best description of the term “ecosystem”?

If you walk through the countryside, you are likely to see some birds stalking alongside the cattle to seize the insects, disturbed by their movement through grasses, Which of the following is/are such bird/birds? 1. Pai

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of a food chain?

Which of the following have coral reefs? 1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2. Gulf of Kutch 3. Gulf of Mannar 4. Sunderbans Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Lichens, which are capable of initiating ecological succession even on a bare rock, are actually a symbiotic association of

Which of the following adds/add carbon dioxide to the carbon cycle on the planet Earth? 1. Volcanic action 2. Respiration 3. Photosynthesis 4. The decay of organic matter Select the correct answer using the code given b

With reference to the Neem tree, consider the following statements: 1. Neem oil can be used as a pesticide to control the proliferation of some species of insects and mites. 2. Neem seeds are used in the manufacture of b

Consider the following: 1. Bats 2. Bears 3. Rodents The phenomenon of hibernation can be observed in which of the above kinds of animals?

With reference to the food chains in ecosystems, which of the following kinds of an organism is/are known as decomposer organism/organisms? 1. Virus 2. Fungi 3. Bacteria Select the correct answer using the codes given b

Consider the following: 1. Star tortoise 2. Monitor lizard 3. Pygmy Hog 4. Spider monkey Which of the above are found in India?

Which of the following leaf modifications occurs/occur in desert areas to inhibit water loss? 1. Hard and waxy leaves 2. Tiny leaves or no leaves 3. Thorns instead of leaves Select the correct answer using the codes giv

Which of the following adds/add nitrogen to the soil? 1. Excretion of urea by animals 2. Burning of coal by man 3. Death of vegetation Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Consider the following animals: 1. Sea cow 2. Sea horse 3. Sea lion Which of the above is/are mammal/mammals?

In which of the following States is lion-tailed macaque found in its natural habitat? 1. Tamil Nadu 2. Kerala 3. Karnataka 4. Andhra Pradesh Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

In the grasslands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of

Which one of the following terms describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism but also its functional role in the community of organisms?

With reference to food chains in ecosystems, consider the following statements : 1. A food chain illustrates the order in which a chain of organisms feeds upon each other. 2. Food chains are found within the populations

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?

What is the difference between the antelopes Oryx and Chiru?

What would happen if phytoplankton of an ocean is completely destroyed for some reason? 1. The ocean as a carbon sink would be adversely affected. 2. The food chains in the ocean would be adversely affected. 3. The de

Consider the following kinds of organisms : 1. Bat 2. Bee 3. Bird Which of the above is/are pollinating agent/agents?

Government of India encourages the cultivation of ‘sea buckthorn’. What is the importance of this plant? 1. It helps in controlling soil erosion and preventing desertification. 2. It is a rich source of biodiesel. 3.

Which of the following can be threats to the biodiversity of a geographical area? 1. Global warming 2. Fragmentation of habitat 3. Invasion of alien species 4. Promotion of vegetarianism

With reference to the wetlands of India, consider the following statements : 1. The country’s total geographical area under the category of wetlands is recorded more in Gujarat as compared to other States. 2. In India,

Consider the following: 1. Black-necked crane 2. Cheetah 3. Flying squirrel 4. Snow leopard Which of the above are naturally found in India?

The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment describes the following major categories of ecosystem services: provisioning, supporting, regulating, preserving, and cultural. Which one of the following is a supporting service?

In the context of ecosystem productivity, marine upwelling zones are important as they increase the marine productivity by bringing the: 1. decomposer microorganisms to the surface. 2. nutrients to the surface. 3. bottom

The Himalayan Range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is the most appropriate reason for this phenomenon?

The 2004 Tsunami made people realize that mangroves can serve as a reliable safety hedge against coastal calamities. How do mangroves function as a safety hedge?

Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats-Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity: 1. Species richness 2. Vegetation density 3. Endemism 4. Ethno-botanical

Consider the following statements: 1. Biodiversity is normally greater in the lower latitudes as compared to the higher latitudes. 2. Along the mountain gradients, biodiversity is normally greater in the lower altitudes

Consider the following : 1. Photosynthesis. 2. Respiration. 3. The decay of organic matter. 4. Volcanic action. Which of the above add carbon dioxide to the carbon cycle on Earth?

Biodiversity forms the basis for human existence in the following ways : 1. Soil formation 2. Prevention of soil erosion 3. Recycling of waste 4. Pollination of crops Select the correct answer using the codes given belo